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superconducting-normal interface

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  • Andreev reflection — [ An electron (red) meeting the interface between a normal conductor (N) and a superconductor (S) produces a Cooper pair in the superconductor and a retroreflected hole (green) in the normal conductor. Vertical arrows indicate the spin band… …   Wikipedia

  • High-temperature superconductivity — Unsolved problems in physics What causes superconductivity at temperatures above 50 kelvin? High temperature superconductors (abbreviated high Tc or HTS) are materials that have a superconducting transition temperature (Tc) above 30 K… …   Wikipedia

  • Mathematics and Physical Sciences — ▪ 2003 Introduction Mathematics       Mathematics in 2002 was marked by two discoveries in number theory. The first may have practical implications; the second satisfied a 150 year old curiosity.       Computer scientist Manindra Agrawal of the… …   Universalium

  • Physical Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Scientists discovered a new family of superconducting materials and obtained unique images of individual hydrogen atoms and of a multiple exoplanet system. Europe completed the Large Hadron Collider, and China and India took… …   Universalium

  • Nobel Prizes — ▪ 2009 Introduction Prize for Peace       The 2008 Nobel Prize for Peace was awarded to Martti Ahtisaari, former president (1994–2000) of Finland, for his work over more than 30 years in settling international disputes, many involving ethnic,… …   Universalium

  • Proximity effect (superconductivity) — Proximity effect is a term used in the field of superconductivity to describe phenomena that occur when a superconductor (S) is placed in contact with a normal (N) non superconductor. Typically the critical temperature T {c} of the superconductor …   Wikipedia

  • Maglev — JR Maglev at Yamanashi, Japan test track in November 2005 …   Wikipedia

  • SUPRACONDUCTIVITÉ — La résistance électrique de certains conducteurs devient brutalement inférieure à toute valeur mesurable au dessous d’une certaine température T c dite température critique . On dit qu’il y a transition du conducteur de l’état normal (noté N) à… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Superlens — A superlens, super lens or perfect lens is a lens which uses metamaterials to go beyond the diffraction limit. The diffraction limit is an inherent limitation in conventional optical devices or lenses.[1] In 2000, a type of lens was proposed,… …   Wikipedia

  • Fusion power — The Sun is a natural fusion reactor. Fusion power is the power generated by nuclear fusion processes. In fusion reactions two light atomic nuclei fuse together to form a heavier nucleus (in contrast with fission power). In doing so they release a …   Wikipedia

  • Material properties of diamond — This article addresses the material properties of diamond. For a broader discussion of diamonds, see diamond. For other uses of the word diamond, see diamond (disambiguation). Diamond An octahedral diamond crystal in matrix Gener …   Wikipedia

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